Throughout the early decades of the 19th
century, US gold coins contained more bullion value in European markets
than their face value on the home front.
Bullion speculators seized upon this opportunity by shipping US gold
overseas, where it was melted down and traded at a rate of 16 ounces of
silver to one ounce of gold. The silver was sent to the United States
(where the silver-gold ratio was set at 15:1 by law) to buy more gold
coins and restart the cycle.
The Mint Act of 1834 reduced the amount of gold
in US gold coinage,
effectively putting a stop to this mass exportation abuse.
The Capped Head Half Eagle of 1813-1834 suffered great melting losses.
Despite fairly healthy mintage numbers, all Capped Head Half Eagles are
very rare and motivate coin collectors to the extreme.
Consider the 1833 (both large and small date). A total of 193,630
pieces were
struck, but no more than 75 survive to this day. True scarcity,
combined with collector popularity has pushed the 1833 Capped Head Half
Eagle off the value increase chart
(see below).
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