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Gold was discovered at Sutter’s Mill near
Coloma, California on January 28, 1848. The find set off a mass
migration of fortune seekers to the American West.
On December 9, 1848, a special shipment of 228 ounces of California
gold arrived in Washington DC, sent by the acting governor of
California, Colonel R.B. Mason. The Secretary of War, William L. Marcy,
forwarded the gold to the Philadelphia Mint, along with this
handwritten message:
"As many may wish to procure specimens made
with California gold, by
exchanging other coin for it, I would suggest that it be made into
quarter eagles with a distinguishing mark on each, if any variations
from the ordinary issues from the Mint would be proper and could be
conveniently made ..."
Mint Director Robert M. Patterson arranged to have the “distinguishing
mark” added to the 1848 Quarter Eagle by utilizing a simple CAL. punch.
Most experts are convinced that each CAL. coin was punched while still
seated in the die, because there is no detectable obverse damage on any
known examples. The CAL. letters were intended to indicate the coin
was made from California gold.
An estimated 1,389 of the 1848 CAL. Coronet Quarter Eagles were minted.
Coin
collectors of today regard this coin as one of the most significant
pieces in American numismatics. Its origins can be directly linked to
one of the most important episodes in all of United States history, the
California Gold Rush.
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